How IMMUNO-COV™ Detects Neutralizing Antibodies : IMMUNO-COV™

HOW IT WORKS

IMMUNO-COV™ Neutralizing Antibody Test

IMMUNO-COV™ is a high throughput assay that measures the quantity of neutralizing antibodies, which block infection, in a sample of plasma or serum.

Assay features:

Surrogate virus encodes SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (used to infect cells): surrogate virus neutralization mimics that of SARS-CoV-2
Surrogate virus encodes luciferase: facilitates high-throughput detection of virus infection and neutralization
Assay cells overexpressing ACE-2: improves assay sensitivity/accuracy
Compatible sample types: plasma and serum

The gene encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is engineered into a harmless Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV), which also has the gene for firefly luciferase.

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Assay cells are manufactured to over express the ACE-2 receptor which binds the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Infection with surrogate VSV-SARS2-Fluc-2 spike protein causes the cells to glow.

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Infected assay cells will produce firefly luciferase, which will make the cell glow.

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A sample of your specimen is incubated with the surrogate virus. During this time, any neutralizing antibodies within the specimen will bind to the spike proteins.

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If your specimen contains neutralizing antibodies, they will prevent the surrogate virus from infecting the cells, so the cells will not glow.

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If your specimen only contains non-neutralizing antibodies, the surrogate virus will infect cells, causing them to glow.

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The gene encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is engineered into a harmless Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV), which also has the gene for firefly luciferase.

Assay cells are manufactured to over express the ACE-2 receptor which binds the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Infection with surrogate VSV-SARS2-Fluc-2 spike protein causes the cells to glow.

Infected assay cells will produce firefly luciferase, which will make the cell glow.

A sample of your specimen is incubated with the surrogate virus. During this time, any neutralizing antibodies within the specimen will bind to the spike proteins.

If your specimen contains neutralizing antibodies, they will prevent the surrogate virus from infecting the cells, so the cells will not glow.

If your specimen only contains non-neutralizing antibodies, the surrogate virus will infect cells, causing them to glow.

HOW IT WORKS

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Spread

Contact with SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

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SARS-CoV-2 enters an exposed person's body.

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Spike proteins on the outer surface of SARS-CoV-2 bind to receptors on certain cells, triggering virus entry into the cells and subsequent virus replication.

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After replication, new virus are released from the cell. The body's immune response includes production of antibodies to stop further virus spread.

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All of these newly produced antibodies recognize the virus, but only neutralizing antibodies block the virus from entering cells, thereby preventing infection.

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Infected patients can be either asymptomatic or symptomatic.

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Contact with SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

SARS-CoV-2 enters an exposed person's body.

Spike proteins on the outer surface of SARS-CoV-2 bind to receptors on certain cells, triggering virus entry into the cells and subsequent virus replication.

After replication, new virus are released from the cell. The body's immune response includes production of antibodies to stop further virus spread.

All of these newly produced antibodies recognize the virus, but only neutralizing antibodies block the virus from entering cells, thereby preventing infection.

Infected patients can be either asymptomatic or symptomatic.

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